Az Iszlám Állam női ellenfelei Irakban és Szíriában

Szerzők

  • Prantner Zoltán

Kulcsszavak:

Iszlám Állam, pesmerga, Szindzsári Nők Védelmi Egysége, Kobani, Nők Védelmi Egységei, jazidi, terrorizmus

Absztrakt

A kurd nők a történelem során számos alkalommal támogatták a háttérből a férfiak küzdelmét. Az Iszlám Állam 2014-es látványos térnyerését követően azonban jelentősen gyarapodott közöttük azoknak a száma is, akik fegyverrel a kézben szálltak
szembe a terroristákkal. A tanulmány kitér arra, hogy mi motiválta ezeket az önkénteseket a döntésükben, és ez milyen kritikát váltott ki a konzervatív férfiak részéről. Részletesen elemzi emellett jelentőségüket a propagandában és a harctéren, valamint az összefoglalásban megfogalmazza a kurd területeken kibontakozott autonómiával és az emancipációs folyamatok jövőjével kapcsolatos kérdéseit.

Hivatkozások

• Backhaus, Sebastian: Striking Portraits Of The Female Army Fighting ISIS. Refinery29, February 04, 2016. http://www.refinery29.com/2016/02/102120/christian-women-fighting-isis-syria#slide

• Canadian fighter joining Kurdish female units to combat ISIS northern Syria. Ara News, April 06, 2016. http://aranews.net/2016/04/canadian-fighter-joining-kurdish-female-units-combat-isisnorthern-syria/

• Costello, Norma: Women fighters putting fear of death into ISIS in Iraq. The Times of India, April 11, 2016. http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/middle-east/Women-fighters-putting-fear-ofdeath-into-ISIS-in-Iraq/articleshow/51773620.cms

• Dearden, Lizzie: „Isis are afraid of girls”: Kurdish female fighters believe they have an unexpected advantage fighting in Syria. An all-women faction of the YPG is fighting Isis to re-take territory in north-eastern Syria. Independent, December 09, 2015. http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/isis-are-afraid-of-girls-kurdish-female-fighters-believe-they-have-anunexpected-advantage-fighting-a6766776.html

• Giovanni, Janine Di: How Yazidi Women Are Fighting Back Against ISIS. Vogue, October 26, 2016. http://www.vogue.com/13495865/sun-ladies-yazidi-women-isis-genocide-sexual-enslavement/

• Godden, Maryse: Poster Girl Killed Fighting ISIS. Beautiful female fighter dubbed the Angelina Jolie of Kurdistan dies while battling ISIS in Syria. The Sun, September 07, 2016. https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/1743401/beautiful-female-fighter-dubbed-the-angelina-jolie-of-kurdistan-dies-whilebattling-isis-in-syria/

• Goudsouzian, Tanya: Hero Ibrahim Ahmad: The original female Peshmerga. Al-Jazeera, October 29, 2015. http://www.aljazeera.com/programmes/women-make-change/2015/10/hero-ibrahimahmad-original-female-peshmerga-151027111035570.html

• Gupta, Rahila: Military fatigues and floral scarves. New Internationalist Magazine, May 01, 2016. https://newint.org/features/2016/05/01/rojava-women-syria/

• How the Islamic State uses women to control women. SYRIA: direct, March 25, 2015. http://syriadirect.org/news/how-the-islamic-state-uses-women-to-control-women/

• Keating, Fiona: 3,000 strong increase in Iraqi women joining the fight against Isis. International Business Times, August 23, 2016. http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/3000-strong-increase-iraqi-womenjoining-fight-against-isis-1577668

• Ketz, Sammy: Syrian army turns to women on Damascus front lines. AFP, March 27, 2015. https://www.yahoo.com/news/syrian-army-turns-women-damascus-front-lines-201914883.html?ref=gs

• Kurdish female fighter „killed herself” to avoid being ISIS hostage. Al-Arabiya, October 05, 2014. http://english.alarabiya.net/en/News/middle-east/2014/10/05/Kurdish-female-fighter-killedherself-to-avoid-being-ISIS-hostage.html

• Kurdish Women Turning Kobani into a Living „Hell” for Islamic State. Telesurtv.net, October 14, 2014. http://www.telesurtv.net/english/news/Kurdish-Women-Turning-Kobani-into-a-Living-Hell-for-Islamic-State-20141014-0072.html

• Kurdish women warriors battle in Syria. Al-Arabiya, April 21, 2013. http://english.alarabiya.net/en/perspective/2013/04/21/Kurdish-women-warriors-battle-in-Syria-.html

• Lortz, Michael G.: Willing to Face Death: A History of Kurdish Military Forces – the Peshmerga – from the Ottoman Empire to Present-Day Iraq. The Florida State University, College of Social Sciences, 2005.

• McArdle, Mairead: Christian Female Battalion Formed to Fight ISIS in Syria. CNSNews.com, December 21, 2015. http://www.cnsnews.com/news/article/mairead-mcardle/christian-femalebattalion-formed-fight-against-isis-syria

• McLaughlin, Elizabeth: Women at War: Meet the Female Peshmerga Fighters Taking on ISIS. ABC News, May 16, 2016. http://abcnews.go.com/International/women-war-meet-female-peshmergafighters-taking-isis/story?id=39142160

• Platt, Gareth: A Kurdish Female Fighter’s War Story: „I Don’t Know How Many I’ve Killed in Kobani – I Don’t See Isis as Human”. International Business Times, October 23, 2014. http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/kurdish-female-fighters-war-story-i-dont-know-how-many-ive-killed-kobani-idont-see-1471412

• Read, Russ: Female Fighters Launch Operation Against ISIS To „Avenge” Sex Slaves. The Daily Caller, November 13, 2016. http://dailycaller.com/2016/11/13/female-fighters-launch-operationagainst-isis-to-avenge-sex-slaves/

• Saadullah, Vager – Knodell, Kevin: The Kurds Won’t Let Their Women Soldiers Anywhere Near the Front Line. But lady Pesh want to fight. War is Boring, September 09, 2014. https://warisboring.com/the-kurds-wont-let-their-women-soldiers-anywhere-near-the-front-line-76abb2603eb9#.ae7qfd2o5

• Shingal: KurdInnen starten mit vereinten Kräften Großoffensive gegen IS. Kurdische Nachrichten, November 12, 2015. http://kurdischenachrichten.com/2015/11/shingal-kurdinnen-starten-mitvereinten-kraeften-grossoffensive-gegen-is/

• Silverman, Craig: The „Truth” Behind The Female Soldier Fighting ISIS. Digg, November 17, 2014. http://digg.com/2014/the-truth-behind-the-kurdish-female-soldier-fighting-isis

• Syria’s female rebel soldiers. Reuters, October 03, 2013. http://www.reuters.com/news/picture/syriasfemale-rebel-soldiers?articleId=USRTX13RP2

• Syria Kurd fighters out for revenge against jihadist. Middle East Online, November 10, 2016. http://www.middle-east-online.com/english/?id=79734

• Tavakolian, Newsha: On the frontlines with the Kurdish female fighters beating back ISIS, Öcalan’s Angels. Huck Magazine, October 17, 2016. http://www.huckmagazine.com/perspectives/reportage-2/kurdish-female-fighters/

• Tax, Meredith: When Women Fight ISIS. The New York Times, August 18, 2016. http://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/18/opinion/when-women-fight-isis.html?_r=0

• UAE fighter pilot awarded at UN. The National, October 15, 2015. http://www.thenational.ae/uae/uae-fighter-pilot-awarded-at-un

• Valentine, Simon: Meet the Kurdish Female Warrior Who Battles ISIS. The Daily Signal, May 18, 2016. http://dailysignal.com/2016/05/18/meet-the-kurdish-female-warrior-who-battles-isis/

• Webb, Sam: The angels of death: ISIS savages fear Kurd women fighters more than any other foe. Mirror, August 19, 2015. http://www.mirror.co.uk/news/world-news/angels-death-isis-savagesfear-6275913

• Wedeman, Ben: The Iraqi housewife who „cooked the heads” of ISIS fighters. CNN, September 29, 2016. http://edition.cnn.com/2016/09/28/middleeast/iraq-housewife-fights-isis/

• Williams, Holly: The young women taking aim at ISIS. CBS News, September 29, 2014. http://www.cbsnews.com/news/kurdish-female-teen-fighters-on-front-line-against-isis-in-syria/

• Wyke, Tom: Desperate ISIS forms new female suicide squad to carry out bombings because the terror group is running out of children for use in the attacks. Daily Mail, October 26, 2015. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3290323/Desperate-ISIS-forms-new-female-suicide-squad-carrybombings-terror-group-running-children-use-attacks.html

• YPJ Shengal changes its name to YJÊ. ANF News, October 26, 2015. http://anfenglish.com/women/ypj-shengal-changes-its-name-to-yje

YPJ-Sinjar founding meeting held. Diha, January 07, 2015. http://www.diclehaber.com/en/news/content/view/438654

• Zakaria, Rafia: Women and Islamic Militancy. Dissent, Winter 2015. https://www.dissentmagazine.org/article/why-women-choose-isis-islamic-militancy

https://www.quilliamfoundation.org/wp/wp-content/uploads/publications/free/women-of-the-islamicstate3.pdf

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Megjelent

2017-06-30

Hogyan kell idézni

Prantner, Z. (2017). Az Iszlám Állam női ellenfelei Irakban és Szíriában. Honvédségi Szemle – Hungarian Defence Review, 145(3), 39–51. Elérés forrás https://kiadvany.magyarhonvedseg.hu/index.php/honvszemle/article/view/644

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