A szíriai kurdok és Rozsava – alternatív társadalomépítés a Közel-Keleten
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35926/HDR.2020.1.2Kulcsszavak:
nemzetépítés, Szíria, kurdok, társadalomépítés, önkormányzás, Közel-Kelet, Törökország, polgárháborúAbsztrakt
Válaszul a helyi elvárásokra és az Amerikai Egyesült Államok hadseregének egy megbízható partner iránti igényére az ISIS elleni harcban, de facto kurd autonóm terület jött létre Észak-Szíriában, amely utóbb multikulturális szerveződéssé vált. A kifejezetten baloldali politikai, társadalmi és gazdasági változások, amelyeket az új rezsim megvalósított, lényegesen különböznek a térségben gyakorolt kormányzati modellektől; egyúttal jelentős kritikára is okot adnak. Habár 2018-ban és 2019-ben a szervezet súlyos területi veszteségeket szenvedett el Oroszország, az USA és Törökország geopolitikai érdekei miatt, az Észak- és Kelet-Szíria Autonóm Adminisztráció (ismertebb nevén: Rozsava) így is szilárd oszlop lehet Szíria jövőjében. Ez nemcsak stratégiai és katonai fontosságának köszönhető, hanem annak is, hogy a politikai rendszer – bár némi változtatás után – alternatívát nyújthat a Közel-Kelet számára a multikulturális kormányzás, a nők jogai és a kölcsönös tiszteleten alapuló társadalomépítés szempontjából.
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