Biztonságpolitikai kihívások Mozambik Cabo Delgado régiójában
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35926/HSZ.2023.3.6Kulcsszavak:
Cabo Delgado, ASWJ, Filipe Nyusi, SADC, ISCAP, dzsihád, PalmaAbsztrakt
2021 áprilisában bejárta a nemzetközi sajtót, hogy vis maior helyzetre hivatkozva a francia Total vállalat leállította Mozambikban a földgázkitermelési projektjét. Ezt az ASWJ iszlamista lázadó szervezet idézte elő, amikor megtámadta Palma kikötővárosát, amely az Afungi-félszigeten lévő földgázlelőhelyek egyik kapuja. A mozambiki kormány vonakodva bár, de külföldi segítséghez folyamodott, és ezzel elkezdődött a szervezet visszaszorítása. Az ország gazdaságának égető szüksége lenne a földgázkitermelés beindítására, de amíg az óriáscég a térséget instabilnak ítéli meg, addig a 2024-es időpont a kitermelés megkezdésére kezd egyre valószínűtlenebbnek tűnni. A tanulmány felvázolja, hogy Mozambik északi része, Cabo Delgado hogyan vált az Iszlám Állam egyik műveleti területévé, és mi az oka annak, hogy az ASWJ immáron négy éve folyamatosan a legkomolyabb biztonságpolitikai kockázati tényező a térségben.
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